Since its launch in November 2022, ChatGPT has quickly attracted attention and is called a "super AI" with a "huge amount of knowledge", which can "answer everything like a real person". Just ask ChatGPT to answer a question or to create a piece of writing, it can respond in the most natural, well-structured, human-like language that makes you question if it is truly a machine. Seeing the great potential of ChatGPT, however, there is an increasing concern that artificial intelligence will take away jobs from people in all fields.
It is undeniable that the role of advanced technology when applied to real life helps reduce labour, increase productivity and achieve high working efficiency. Great strides in the field of artificial intelligence are an opportunity to reduce human resources but also a challenge for the labour market if it is put into practice.
How will AI affect the labour market?
According to the World Economic Forum's 2020 report, AI is one of the most well-received technologies. Many applications could change the face of the labour market for years to come. The most visible impact is productivity enhancement in many locations. Teachers can spend less time grading and more time preparing lessons or communicating with students. Economists can spend less time searching for data or do not need to do simple analysis so they can focus on figuring out how to interpret the data. Maybe the process will be simplified. As such, AI has the ability to replace some jobs and replace humans in some repetitive jobs.
AI can also help propel science to new breakthroughs. For example, AI can help speed up medical testing, allowing for more testing to be done than human-powered process implementation. Solving problems in general will take less time, thereby helping to remove barriers to scientific and human development.
In the banking and finance industry, AI is also considered a revolutionary technology that enhances performance, drives growth, supports risk management and enhances customer experience.
These productivity gains can help grow the global economy and prevent inflation. AI can also help us reduce working hours and increase breaktime in some jobs, thereby increasing spending. If you look at the world working hours data, the progress in reducing the number of working hours has slowed down for about a decade, even in some places the number of working hours has increased. In that context, employees tend to choose jobs that focus on output rather than signing fixed-hour contracts. Technological advances can allow workers in many service sectors to cut hours without affecting output.
Many wonder what impact AI can have on the number of jobs in the economy. Whether the new positions generated by the widespread adoption of AI outnumber the jobs lost because of that trend, or will the productivity enhancements brought about by AI make up for the loss of jobs over a period of time. A world where developed markets have seen a shrinking working-age population. These risks were a concern when the automation trend took over and will continue as the development of AI.
Will AI completely replace human resources?
AI has the potential to make a big impact on the labour market through automating some tasks and processes, resulting in people being replaced. In a few industries, machines and algorithms can perform some tasks more efficiently and accurately than humans. Importantly, however, AI can also create new job opportunities, particularly in fields related to AI development and exploitation such as data specialists, software engineers, AI researchers,... Not all transport jobs can be affected, some jobs are difficult to automate due to the nature of the work or the need to be compatible with human-to-human interactions. Overall, the impact of AI on the labour market depends on many factors such as the extent of AI adoption in the service industry, tasks being automated, and the prevalence of incentive training and education programs.
Some studies show that some jobs can be easily affected by AI due to the nature of the jobs and the degree of automation, such as those involving repetitive tasks, predictable manufacturing, data entry, customer service industry, etc. Physical and repetitive tasks are also susceptible to automation as machines and robots perform these tasks efficiently and more precisely than humans. In contrast, jobs that require a high degree of creativity, decision making, or person-to-person interaction may be less affected, e.g. work in education, health care, social work. …
Regarding the education field, AI can hardly completely replace the work of teachers. Teaching requires high creativity and direct human-to-human interaction which current AI technology can not imitate. However, AI can assist teachers in some tasks such as grading, giving individual student feedback or planning instruction. The application of AI in education can also open up many job opportunities such as designing and developing AI-based educational tools or training and supporting teachers and students on how to use such tools. In summary, the impact of AI on the education industry and the work of teachers will depend on many factors such as the extent of AI application in schools, the type of tasks to be automated, etc.
The future potential of AI to assist humans in their work and improve productivity is huge. Of course, there will be challenges along the way. AI will reduce jobs and take a part of human jobs, but it is more likely that AI will take away the boring, tedious and repetitive part of our work.
After all, technological progress still has to serve people. Therefore, it is important that in any context, at any time, workers still need to upgrade themselves to ensure they can master machines.
Reference:
(n.d.). OECD iLibrary. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/7c895724-en.pdf
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